Document Type : Scientific-research
Authors
1 Assistant Professor Department of Religions and Mysticism, Takestan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Takestan, Iran.
2 Associate Professor,Department of Religions and Mysticism, Takestan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Takestan, Iran.
Abstract
Research on Qalandariyyāt has primarily adopted two main approaches. The first is a hermeneutic approach, interpreting the symbolic—and seemingly unorthodox—imagery in these poems as mystical signs. The second is a historical approach, examining these poems primarily from a social perspective, linking them to radical cultural and political currents in the medieval Islamic period. What has remained overlooked in the study of this type of poetry is an understanding of the poetics or poetics of Qalandariyyāt, and its function within the framework of early Persian genre systems. This study addresses this issue by examining how Qalandariyyāt constructs its heterotopias poetics through dialogue and parodic simulation with devotional poetry (zahidiyyāt and mawāʿiẓ) and panegyric poetry (madḥiyāt). It reveals and explains the carnivalesque aspects of this poetic genre, with a particular focus on a ghazal by Sanai. The analysis shows that Qalandariyyāt functions as a countergenre within the Persian genre system, but this opposition is not contained within a single, simple framework. Rather, under the broad umbrella of Qalandariyyāt, there are numerous subgenres, revealing the complexity and dynamism of the early Persian literary genre system, especially Qalandariyyāt.
Keywords
Main Subjects
)