Document Type : Scientific-research

Author

Ph.D. in Persian language and literature, lecturer at Farhangian University of Tehran, Tehran. Iran

Abstract

A symbol is a very broad concept that has been given many definitions in different books. In the category of symbols, one of the types of symbols mentioned is the creative symbols, which are mentioned with other titles such as random, exclusive, personal and special symbols in various books. Each of the symbolic poets has innovative symbols in his symbolic images that no one has used before. Attar is one of the poets who succeeded in developing a coherent symbolic system in his poems and achieving a unique style among the mystic poets. He has innovations in symbolization that in this research we aim to extract these symbols in the Tragedy by using descriptive and analytical methods and by using written and electronic sources and documents, and through this way we can obtain both the methods of Attar's symbolization and its generalization or not. These symbols will be revealed to us after Attar. The results of the research show that Attar frequently used his symbols in the form of simile additions. Moreover, some of Attar's innovative symbols were not used by any other poet except Attar, while some others have become universal symbols in the poetry of poets after Attar. Attar's innovative symbols are expressed in the three forms of simile additions, metaphors and allegorical stories, with most of the extracted cases being in the form of simile additions.

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