Document Type : Scientific-research
Authors
1 PhD Candidate in Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Azerbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz , Iran
2 Associate Professor in Persian Language and Literature, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Azerbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
Abstract
Ontology is one of the most important topics in Islamic mysticism, which has been considered by mystics almost from the beginning of mystical writing. Each of the prominent mystic writers, based on his own observation, revelation, and experience, has explained the order of the system of existence and matters related to ontology. Among these mystics are Imam Muhammad al-Ghazzali and Bahā'-i Walad who were great Islamic mystics of the fifth and sixth centuries. This research has studied the most important ontological topics in the works of these two mystics through analytical-descriptive and comparative methods. God, the universe, and human beings and their related issues are the three main tenets of ontology; important ontological issues related to them in the works of these mystics have been clarified and discussed for the first time in this study. According to the results, although the ontological terminologies share the same lexis, they differ in meaning in some sciences, such as science of discourse. The monotheistic view of both mystics is close to the concept of the unity of existence, and there are differences in the order and number of levels of existence in the works of both mystics.
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